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彩钢板建筑的主要火灾危险性有哪些?

返回列表 来源: 发布日期: 2020.12.10

彩钢板建筑的主要火灾危险性有哪些?

一是建筑耐火性差,容易倒塌。彩钢板建筑大多采用钢结构,火灾时火灾温度可达800~1000℃,远远超过钢结构失去静平衡稳定时的临界温度500℃。暴露在外的钢结构在承受荷载的情况下会迅速变形,造成局部破坏,造成建筑物整体倒塌。普通彩钢板房在火灾发生后约10分钟会失去承载力并倒塌,不利于人员疏散和救援物资。


1.彩涂钢板价格 (1)1

第二,彩钢板建筑核心材料容易点燃,扩散迅速。彩钢板芯填充材料多为聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等易燃易爆材料,燃点低,阻燃性差。一旦遇到高温火花、电线短路珠或明火,会立即燃烧,材料的蜂窝结构会增加与空气的接触面,导致剧烈燃烧。这类建筑往往空间大,缺乏防火隔离设施。一旦发生火灾,蔓延途径多种多样,火势发展迅速,容易形成大面积燃烧和立体燃烧。
三是彩钢板建筑楼内通道狭窄影响疏散。为了追求使用面积,不少用户没有留出符合规范要求的安全通道和疏散空间,有的甚至占用安全疏散通道修建彩钢房。一旦发生火灾,疏散受阻,后果不堪设想。
第四,彩钢板建筑燃烧产物有毒,难以逸出。彩钢板芯填充用聚苯乙烯和聚氨酯是高分子材料。燃烧会产生大量浓烟,并含有大量有毒气体,如一氧化碳和氰化氢。毒性、刺激性强,易造成逃生人员和消防人员伤亡。
第五,火灾的不利因素很多,灭火难度大。在扑救彩钢建筑火灾过程中,水和灭火剂只能喷洒在彩钢板的外表面,不能直接作用于夹层中的燃烧器。

First, the fire resistance of the building is poor and easy to collapse. Most of the color steel plate buildings use steel structure, and the fire temperature can reach 800 ~ 1000 ℃ in case of fire, which is far beyond the critical temperature of 500 ℃ when the steel structure loses its static equilibrium stability. Under the condition of bearing load, the exposed steel structure will deform quickly, causing local damage and causing the overall collapse of the building. The ordinary color steel sheet room will lose the bearing capacity and collapse about 10 minutes after the fire, which is not conducive to personnel evacuation and rescue materials.

Second, the core material is easy to ignite and spread rapidly. Most of the core filling materials of color steel plate are polyurethane, polystyrene and other flammable and combustible materials, with low ignition point and poor flame retardancy. Once high-temperature sparks, wire short-circuit beads or open fire are encountered, they will immediately burn, and the honeycomb structure of the material will increase the contact surface with air, resulting in violent combustion. Such buildings often have large space and lack of fire separation facilities. In case of fire, there are many ways to spread, and the fire develops rapidly, which is easy to form large area combustion and three-dimensional combustion.

Third, the narrow passageway in the building affects the evacuation. In order to pursue the use area, many users have not set aside the safety passageway and evacuation space that meet the requirements of the specification, and some even occupy the safe evacuation passageway to build color steel room. Once a fire occurs, the evacuation is hindered, and the consequences are unimaginable.

Fourth, the combustion products are toxic and difficult to escape. The polystyrene and polyurethane used in the core filling of color steel plate are polymer materials. The combustion will produce a lot of thick smoke, and contain a lot of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. It has strong toxicity and irritation, and is easy to cause casualties of fire escape personnel and fire fighting personnel.

Fifthly, there are many disadvantageous factors in the fire and it is difficult to put out the fire. In the process of putting out the fire of color steel building, water and fire extinguishing agent can only be sprayed on the outer surface of color steel plate, and can not directly act on the combustor in the interlayer.

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