彩钢夹芯板保温芯材种类及现状

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彩钢夹芯板的保温、隔热、吸声性能主要取决于其核心材料——保温材料。这种材料不仅要有良好的保温性能，还要有足够的强度和刚度，并与彩钢板有良好的粘结性。只有这样，复合板才能承受设计荷载，满足建筑功能要求。
彩钢夹芯板的芯材按其化学成分可分为两类。它们是有机化学泡沫材料，如聚氨酯泡沫塑料、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料、酚醛泡沫塑料、三聚胺泡沫塑料等；另一种是无机纤维材料，如岩棉板、矿棉板、玻璃棉板等。
目前国内彩钢夹芯板生产厂家使用最为广泛的彩钢夹芯板保温芯材有聚苯乙烯夹芯板（EPS夹芯板）、硬质聚氨酯夹芯板（PU夹芯板）、岩棉夹芯板，即RW夹芯板。但聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等有机材料耐热温度低，火灾时易燃烧，易产生有毒气体，已成为引发火灾事故的主要因素之一。
近年来，建筑防火越来越受到人们的重视。由于使用的保温材料防火性能差，火灾事件也层出不穷。比如，2009年2月9日，中央电视台新址文化中心发生一起特大火灾事故，原因是在施工过程中使用了易燃材料和不合格的保温板。因此，国民政府高度重视。2009年9月25日，中华人民共和国公安部、住房和城乡建设部联合发布的《民用建筑外保温系统及外墙装饰和消防暂行规定》第一章第二条明确规定：“外保温系统的燃烧性能民用建筑的保温材料应为甲级，且不应低于B2级”，而第四章第11条规定：“对于已建成的金属夹层复合板的临时居住建筑，芯材应为不燃或不燃的保温材料”。
但常用的彩钢夹芯板保温芯材——聚氨酯泡沫本身不防火，燃烧后产生的大量烟雾中含有氰化氢，对人体健康有害。聚苯板除了不失火外，长时间后会收缩外绝缘性能也很差。聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料和聚氨酯泡沫塑料是易燃、耐高温的，严重影响建筑工程质量和消防安全，目前正受到消防部门的限制。岩棉、玻璃棉等无机矿物棉材料虽然能满足防火要求，但对环境不友好（施工过程中的浮棉对人体有害），易滋生细菌，吸水率高，保温效果差，强度不够，使用寿命短。

The properties of thermal insulation, heat insulation and sound absorption of color steel sandwich panel mainly depend on its core material - thermal insulation material. This kind of material should not only have good heat preservation, but also have enough strength and rigidity, and have good adhesion with color steel plate. Only in this way, the composite plate can bear the design load and meet the requirements of building function.

The core material of color steel sandwich panels can be divided into two categories according to their chemical composition. They are organic chemical foam materials, such as polyurethane foam plastics, polystyrene foam plastics, phenolic foam plastics, tripolyamine foam plastics, etc. The other is inorganic fiber materials, such as rock wool board, mineral wool board, glass wool board, etc.

At present, the most widely used color steel sandwich panel insulation core materials used by domestic color steel sandwich panel manufacturers are polystyrene sandwich panel (EPS sandwich panel), rigid polyurethane sandwich panel (PU sandwich panel), rock wool sandwich panel, namely RW sandwich panel. But polyurethane, polystyrene and other organic materials have low heat-resistant temperature, easy to burn in case of fire, and easy to produce toxic gas, which has become one of the main factors of fire accidents.

In recent years, people have paid more attention to building fire protection. Because of the use of insulation materials with poor fire performance, fire events are also emerging in an endless stream. For example, on February 9, 2009, there was a huge fire accident in the cultural center of the new CCTV site, which was caused by the use of combustible materials and unqualified insulation boards in the construction in progress. Therefore, the national government attaches great importance to it. On September 25, 2009, Article 2 of Chapter 1 of the Interim Provisions on external insulation system and external wall decoration and fire protection of civil buildings jointly issued by the Ministry of public security and the Ministry of housing and urban rural development of the people's Republic of China clearly stated: "the combustion performance of external insulation materials of civil buildings should be class A, and should not be lower than class B2", while Article 11 of Chapter 4 states: "for temporary residential buildings For the built metal sandwich composite plate, the core material shall be non combustible or non combustible insulation material ".

However, the commonly used color steel sandwich panels insulation core material -- polyurethane foam itself is not fireproof, and a large amount of smoke generated after combustion contains hydrogen cyanide, which is harmful to human health. The polyphenylene board in addition to non fire, after a long time will shrink outside the insulation performance is also very poor. Polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam are flammable, not high temperature resistant, seriously affecting the quality of building engineering and fire safety, are currently being restricted by the fire department. Although rock wool, glass wool and other inorganic mineral wool materials can meet the fire protection requirements, they are not friendly to the environment (the floating cotton in the construction process is harmful to human body), easy to breed bacteria, high water absorption, poor heat insulation effect, and the strength is not good enough, with short service life.