铝合金成型中的影响因素

天物彩板专注彩涂卷行业17年——铝合金成型中的影响因素_山东彩涂铝卷今日厂家报价请拨打网站上方电话咨询

铝合金作为一种重要的轻量化材料，因其密度低、耐腐蚀性好、比强度高等优点，在汽车制造业中得到了广泛的应用。裂纹、起皱和回弹是板料冲压成形的三大质量缺陷。铝合金的总伸长率小于钢板的总伸长率。在室温下，铝合金的成形性比钢板差，更容易发生断裂。准确模拟板料成形过程中的断裂现象对成形工艺和模具设计具有重要意义。金属材料的断裂可分为脆性断裂和韧性断裂，大多数铝合金属于韧性断裂。从细观损伤力学的角度来看，韧性断裂准则认为材料中孔洞缺陷在外力作用下不断形核、长大和聚集，最终导致材料的损伤，可以更好地预测塑性较差的金属板料的成形性。

Aluminum alloy is widely used in automobile manufacturing as an important lightweight material because of its low density, high corrosion resistance and high specific strength. Cracking, wrinkling and springback are the three main quality defects in sheet metal stamping. The total elongation of aluminum alloy is smaller than that of steel plate. At room temperature, the formability of aluminum alloy is worse than that of steel plate, and it is more prone to fracture. Accurately simulating the fracture phenomenon in the sheet metal forming process is of great significance to the forming process and die design. The fracture of metal materials can be divided into brittle fracture and ductile fracture, and most aluminum alloys belong to ductile fracture. From the perspective of meso damage mechanics, the ductile fracture criterion considers that the defects of holes in the material continuously nucleate, grow and aggregate under the action of external force, and finally cause the damage of the material, which can better predict the formability of sheet metal with poor plasticity.

1、 There are many factors affecting ductile fracture, which can be divided into two categories.
1. One is related to materials, such as strain hardening level, hole volume fraction and second phase particle composition;
rocess related, such as strain rate, friction and forming temperature.
2、 Two types of dimples on the fracture surface of aluminum alloy tensile specimens
1. The shape of the first dimple is large and deep, indicating that 5052 aluminum alloy belongs to ductile fracture;
2. The shape of the second dimple is small, and a certain amount of spherical particles are distributed at the bottom and around the dimple, indicating that 5052 aluminum alloy has partial brittle fracture. Due to the small proportion of the second dimple, the main fracture mechanism of 5052 aluminum alloy belongs to ductile fracture.